249 research outputs found
Testing of High Voltage Surge Protection Devices for Use in Liquid Argon TPC Detectors
In this paper we demonstrate the capability of high voltage varistors and gas
discharge tube arrestors for use as surge protection devices in liquid argon
time projection chamber detectors. The insulating and clamping behavior of each
type of device is characterized in air (room temperature), and liquid argon
(90~K), and their robustness under high voltage and high energy surges in
cryogenic conditions is verified. The protection of vulnerable components in
liquid argon during a 150 kV high voltage discharge is also demonstrated. Each
device is tested for argon contamination and light emission effects, and both
are constrained to levels where no significant impact upon liquid argon time
projection chamber functionality is expected. Both devices investigated are
shown to be suitable for HV surge protection applications in cryogenic
detectors.Comment: 22 pages, 18 figures v2: reduced file size for journal submissio
Muon-Induced Background Study for an Argon-Based Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment
We evaluated rates of transversing muons, muon-induced fast neutrons, and
production of Cl and other cosmogenically produced nuclei that pose as
potential sources of background to the physics program proposed for an
argon-based long baseline neutrino experiment at the Sanford Underground
Research Facility (SURF). The Geant4 simulations were carried out with muons
and muon-induced neutrons for both 800 ft (0.712 km.w.e.) and 4850 ft levels
(4.3 km.w.e.). We developed analytic models to independently calculate the
Cl production using the measured muon fluxes at different levels of the
Homestake mine. The muon induced Cl production rates through stopped
muon capture and the muon-induced neutrons and protons via (n,p) and (p,n)
reactions were evaluated. We find that the Monte Carlo simulated production
rates of Cl agree well with the predictions from analytic models. A
depth-dependent parametrization was developed and benchmarked to the direct
analytic models. We conclude that the muon-induced processes will result in
large backgrounds to the physics proposed for an argon-based long baseline
neutrino experiment at a depth of less than 4.0 km.w.e.Comment: 12 pages, 15 figure
Hydrostatic Level Sensors as High Precision Ground Motion Instrumentation for Tevatron and Other Energy Frontier Accelerators
Particle accelerators pushed the limits of our knowledge in search of the
answers to most fundamental questions about micro-world and our Universe. In
these pursuits, accelerators progressed to higher and higher energies and
particle beam intensities as well as increasingly smaller and smaller beam
sizes. As the result, modern existing and planned energy frontier accelerators
demand very tight tolerances on alignment and stability of their elements:
magnets, accelerating cavities, vacuum chambers, etc. In this article we
describe the instruments developed for and used in such accelerators as
Fermilab's Tevatron (FNAL, Batavia, IL USA) and for the studies toward an
International Linear Collider (ILC). The instrumentation includes Hydrostatic
Level Sensors (HLS) for very low frequency measurements. We present design
features of the sensors, outline their technical parameters, describe test and
calibration procedures and discuss different regimes of operation. Experimental
results of the ground motion measurements with these detectors will be
presented in subsequent paper
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The Pandora multi-algorithm approach to automated pattern recognition of cosmic-ray muon and neutrino events in the MicroBooNE detector.
The development and operation of liquid-argon time-projection chambers for neutrino physics has created a need for new approaches to pattern recognition in order to fully exploit the imaging capabilities offered by this technology. Whereas the human brain can excel at identifying features in the recorded events, it is a significant challenge to develop an automated, algorithmic solution. The Pandora Software Development Kit provides functionality to aid the design and implementation of pattern-recognition algorithms. It promotes the use of a multi-algorithm approach to pattern recognition, in which individual algorithms each address a specific task in a particular topology. Many tens of algorithms then carefully build up a picture of the event and, together, provide a robust automated pattern-recognition solution. This paper describes details of the chain of over one hundred Pandora algorithms and tools used to reconstruct cosmic-ray muon and neutrino events in the MicroBooNE detector. Metrics that assess the current pattern-recognition performance are presented for simulated MicroBooNE events, using a selection of final-state event topologies
Convolutional Neural Networks Applied to Neutrino Events in a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber
We present several studies of convolutional neural networks applied to data
coming from the MicroBooNE detector, a liquid argon time projection chamber
(LArTPC). The algorithms studied include the classification of single particle
images, the localization of single particle and neutrino interactions in an
image, and the detection of a simulated neutrino event overlaid with cosmic ray
backgrounds taken from real detector data. These studies demonstrate the
potential of convolutional neural networks for particle identification or event
detection on simulated neutrino interactions. We also address technical issues
that arise when applying this technique to data from a large LArTPC at or near
ground level
The Pandora multi-algorithm approach to automated pattern recognition of cosmic-ray muon and neutrino events in the MicroBooNE detector
The development and operation of Liquid-Argon Time-Projection Chambers for
neutrino physics has created a need for new approaches to pattern recognition
in order to fully exploit the imaging capabilities offered by this technology.
Whereas the human brain can excel at identifying features in the recorded
events, it is a significant challenge to develop an automated, algorithmic
solution. The Pandora Software Development Kit provides functionality to aid
the design and implementation of pattern-recognition algorithms. It promotes
the use of a multi-algorithm approach to pattern recognition, in which
individual algorithms each address a specific task in a particular topology.
Many tens of algorithms then carefully build up a picture of the event and,
together, provide a robust automated pattern-recognition solution. This paper
describes details of the chain of over one hundred Pandora algorithms and tools
used to reconstruct cosmic-ray muon and neutrino events in the MicroBooNE
detector. Metrics that assess the current pattern-recognition performance are
presented for simulated MicroBooNE events, using a selection of final-state
event topologies.Comment: Preprint to be submitted to The European Physical Journal
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